This volume offers a rousing defense of pro-free-trade policies and their benefits for developing countries. Through cross-country evidence and detailed case studies, Arvind Panagariya demonstrates the need for trade openness for sustained growth and poverty alleviation. Professor Panagariya has produced an extremely thorough and comprehensive treatment of the role of trade in developing countries. In addition to showing that low and declining protection is conducive to growth and poverty reduction, he also addresses critics of this conclusion and counters their arguments. I expect he will convince many people with this eminently readable book.