Ian Newton is an ornithologist and applied scientist, and a leading expert on bird ecology and biogeography, specialising in finches, waterfowl and birds of prey, especially the sparrowhawk. He graduated from Bristol University and gained his doctorate at Oxford. He joined the NERC in 1967, initially studying population ecology of geese and finches, followed by the impact of pesticides on birds of prey. He has written four previous New Naturalist volumes, Finches (1972), Bird Migration (2010), Bird Populations (2013) and Farming and Birds (2017).