This study aimed to determine the chemical constituents, toxicity, antioxidant potential and larvicidal activity of the essential oil of Aniba rosaeodora Ducke against larvae of Aedes aegypti.The main chemical constituent found in the EO of A. rosaeodora was ß-linalool 63.16%, being considered great promising for pharmaceutical synthesis. In the toxicity assay, LC50 ranged from 582 mg L-1 to 282 mgL-1and was classified as non-toxic. The EO showed larvicidal activity with LC50 of 41.07 mgL-1 and relevant antioxidant activity. According to the results found, it was possible to evaluate that the OE analyzed is composed of substances that have a good larvicidal effect compared to Aedes aegypti, thus encouraging its application potential.