Water is one of our most important natural resources. Without it, there would be no life on earth. The lifestyle we have become accustomed to depend heavily upon having plenty of cheap, clean water available as well as an inexpensive, safe way to dispose of it after use. Today, we face record consumption, uncertain supplies, and growing demands for protection from flooding and pollution. The health and economic effects of a shortage of clean water are matters of great concern. The supply of water available for our use is limited by nature. Although there is plenty of water on earth, but it is not always in the right place, at the right time and in the right quality. This book contains 11 chapter and 08 tables, covering concept and standard model of chemical techniques, which is valuable for UG and PG students of Hydrology, Life science, Natural sciences. Chemistry and Environmental sciences. It is the hope that this book will help to students and people from every walk of life to understand the basic concept of water pollution , and to ensure the quality and sustainability of water and water resources on this planet earth.