Sustainable development is presented as a compromise between the unbridled economic development that began with the industrial revolution and the need to protect the environment, which has now become a priority for the international community.However, this concept is not without real questions, firstly about its content, and secondly about its implementation. As we can see, it is sometimes contested, even criticised, but sometimes presented as the only initiative currently valid that could save the planet.The document also attempts to make proposals on how best to protect the environment through a circular economy and environmental governance, with the adoption of the 2030 Sustainable Development Goals.