In recent years, interest in space has grown exponentially, with the expansion of the global space sector from only three or four nations during the Cold War to approximately 76 countries developing their own space programs. These programs are shaped by elite decision-makers, history, grand strategy, religion, culture, and geopolitical context. Philosophy plays an important role in shaping how space is conceptualized and understood. This book argues that philosophy informs strategy by influencing how societies define their goals and purposes in space. It addresses several key questions: How do nations draw on their culture, history, geography, and political context when forming ideas about the cosmos? Can different historical and societal perspectives produce distinct approaches to what may be called astrophilosophy? By examining both Eastern and Western conceptualizations of the cosmos, the book develops a theoretical framework for astrophilosophy and explores how philosophical traditions shape humanity's understanding and strategic thinking about outer space.