Archibald Henry Sayce (1845-1933) was a pioneering orientalist and philologist and the first Professor of Assyriology at Oxford University. The Ancient Empires of the East (1883) is his edition, with 'Notes, Introductions and Appendices' of the first three books of The Histories of the fifth-century Greek historian Herodotus.
Ancient Empires is an 1883 edition of Books 1 3 of Herodotus' Histories, which focus on Persia and Egypt.